Information Technology BLOG

 Hello, We're gonna talk about DHCP snooping, DHCP SNOOPING is a technology that prevents our local network users or any device that should be asigned an ip address to contact a suspiciours dhcp server, So we need to understand how DHCP process works first, in order to understand how we can protect our local users and their IP attributions. There are four steps through which we need to pass in order to attribute an ip address from our internal dhcp servers or server/ First of all the client sends a DHCP discovery request in the form of a broadcast, then the DHCP server will go ahead and respond to that request with a DHCP offer frame, our client then goes ahead and accepts offer by issuing back a DHCP request for the address that was offered and then the DHCP server will send back an acknowledgment saying yes you can go ahead and use that ip and then it's installed in its database and our user starts to connect in a normal way on our internal network. Example: The problem

DDOS stands for "Distributed Denial of Service" A DDOS attack is carried out by a network of machines, hence the notion of distributed attacks These machines have been corrupted beforehand by cybercriminals through the spread of malware. This network of infected machines is also called botnet. The cybercriminal will execute a DDOS attack by ordering the botnet to saturate the service with many requests until it becomes unavailable, It is the concept of denial of service. DDOS can be on a specified service, it can also be a network link, an infrastructure, a website, an application, etc... It is noted that with the rise of the IoT or Internet of Things DDOS attacks gain in intensity since cybercriminals enroll unsecured IoT equipment in botnets. Denial of service will prevent real users of the service from using it. Another variant is DDOS attacks based on reflection and amplification, In this case, the cybercriminals will use machines accessible on the internet and there

 Hierarchial Network Design What is a FLAT NETWORK? Flat Networks are networks in which all computers, servers, printers are connected together using just layer 2 switches, there is no use of subnets in flat networks, in addition,  all devices are located in the same broadcast domain and broadcast trafic is transmitted to all devices on the network and because of that BANDWIDTH is not used effectively. FLAT networks CAN NOT meet the needs of most enterprise networks or small to medium size business. What is a Hierarchical NETWORK? Hierarchical Models allow to design the network by using different layers, Layers of the Hierarchical Network are devided into specific functions that are categorized as CORE, DISTRIBUTION and ACCESS Layers. This categorization privides FLEXIBLE design options and ease scaling of  network devices. Here is an overview that explains the difference between a flat Network VS Hierarchical Network: As you can see that in the FLAT network model, all devices are